![]() To produce their eggs and sperm at the right time, P. When a gene is activated, its information is copied into a molecule of RNA, which is then read to create proteins that will go on performing specific roles. This involves switching genes on and off according to the time of day. For example, the circadian clock helps many creatures to adapt to the cycle of day and night. Internal clocks are a set of mechanisms that allow organisms to tune their internal processes to their environment. For these animals, timing is everything: if they fail coordinate their release, the precious reproductive cells will drift in the vastness of the ocean without ever meeting their male or female counterparts. Like many other sea creatures, the worm Platynereis dumerilii reproduces by dispersing eggs and sperm in the water. Examples include prepro-whitnin/proctolin and ependymin-related proteins as circalunar clock targets. It corroborates that circadian and circalunar clock effects are likely distinct and identifies key molecular brain signatures for reproduction, sex and circalunar clock phase. ![]() Our study provides a versatile extraction technique and comprehensive resources. Whereas maturation elicits large transcriptomic and proteomic changes, the circalunar clock exhibits only minor transcriptomic, but strong proteomic regulation. By establishing a combined transcriptomic and proteomic profiling approach, we provide first systematic insight into the molecular changes in Platynereis heads between circalunar phases, and across sexual differentiation and maturation. ![]() ![]() Whereas daily (circadian) clocks cause extensive transcriptomic and proteomic changes, the quality and quantity of regulations by circalunar clocks have remained largely elusive. In the annelid Platynereis dumerilii, this timing is orchestrated by an endogenous monthly (circalunar) clock entrained by moonlight. Many marine animals, ranging from corals to fishes, synchronise reproduction to lunar cycles. ![]()
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